1. Ubwoko bwa gari ya moshi yohereza amashanyarazi
Amagare yohereza amashanyarazi ya gari ya moshi ni ubwoko bwibikoresho bikoreshwa mugutwara ibikoresho no gutwara. Ubwoko bwabo bwa moteri bugabanijwemo ibyiciro bibiri: moteri ya DC na moteri ya AC. Moteri ya DC iroroshye kandi yoroshye kugenzura kandi ikoreshwa cyane mumagare ya gari ya moshi; Moteri ya AC ifite ibyiza mukoresha ingufu nubushobozi bwo kwikorera, kandi yagiye ikoreshwa cyane mumyaka yashize.
2. Ihame ryakazi rya moteri ya DC
Moteri yimodoka ya DC nubwoko bwibikoresho bihindura ingufu zamashanyarazi ingufu za mashini. Iyo umuyoboro utaziguye unyuze muri armature, guhinduranya armature kuzunguruka munsi yumurimo wa magneti, kandi insinga zo guhinduranya armature zizatera imbaraga zatewe mumashanyarazi, ibyo bigatuma icyerekezo cyumuyaga uhindagurika uhinduka, bivamo kuzunguruka magnetiki yumurima muri armature. Ku ruhande rumwe, umuzenguruko wa magneti uzunguruka utwara armature kuzunguruka, kurundi ruhande, ikorana numurima wa rukuruzi uhoraho kugirango moteri ikore bisanzwe.
Hariho uburyo bubiri bwo kugenzura moteri ya DC: kugenzura voltage itaziguye no kugenzura PWM. Igenzura rya voltage itaziguye ntigikora kandi irakwiriye kuri ssenariyo aho umuvuduko udahinduka cyane; Igenzura rya PWM rishobora kugera ku buringanire hagati yubushobozi buhanitse nubushobozi bunini bwo kwikorera. Kubwibyo, gari ya moshi yoherejwe na gari ya moshi isanzwe itwarwa nigenzura rya PWM kugirango harebwe uburinganire hagati yimikorere nubushobozi.
3. Ihame ryakazi rya moteri ya AC
Moteri ya AC nigikoresho gitwarwa nubundi buryo. Ukurikije ibiranga ibyiciro bitatu bisimburana, igice cyo kuzenguruka hagati (ni ukuvuga rotor) ya moteri ya AC kizunguruka nimbaraga zamashanyarazi zigenga. Iyo ingufu z'amashanyarazi zigerageje gukurura rotor, izabyara rotor muri stator ihindagurika, bigatuma icyiciro cya moteri gitanga itandukaniro ryicyiciro runaka, bityo bikabyara umuriro mwinshi kandi bigatwara igare rya gari ya moshi ikora.
Moteri ya AC irashobora kugenzurwa no kugenzura vector no kugenzura induction. Igenzura rya Vector rishobora kugera kuri torque nyinshi zisohoka no kunoza umuvuduko nubushobozi bwa moteri; kugenzura induction birakwiriye ibintu byihuta, ariko kandi bifite ibiranga urusaku ruke. Muri gari ya moshi yohereza amashanyarazi, kubera gukenera umutwaro mwinshi, ingufu nyinshi, urusaku ruke nibindi biranga, kugenzura vector bikoreshwa kenshi kugirango bigerweho neza kandi byizewe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-30-2024
